Understanding Acne and Oily Skin
Acne: An Overview
Acne is a skin condition characterised by the occurrence of pimples, blackheads, whiteheads, and sometimes deeper, painful nodules and cysts. It commonly affects the face, neck, chest, and back. Acne occurs when the hair follicles become clogged with dead skin cells, oil (sebum), and bacteria. Hormonal changes, genetics, and certain medications can contribute to acne development.
Oily Skin: A Closer Look
Oily skin occurs when the sebaceous glands produce an excessive amount of oil, known as sebum. This leads to a shiny appearance, enlarged pores, and a higher susceptibility to acne. Oily skin can be influenced by factors such as genetics, hormonal imbalances, humidity, and certain skincare products.
Types of Acne
Understanding the different types of acne helps in determining the appropriate treatment approach.
Comedonal Acne: Whiteheads and Blackheads
Comedonal acne is characterised by the presence of whiteheads (closed comedones) and blackheads (open comedones). Whiteheads occur when the follicle opening is blocked by a combination of oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria. Blackheads form when the clogged follicle is open and exposed to air, causing oxidation of the debris, resulting in a black appearance.
Inflammatory Acne: Papules, Pustules, and Nodules
Inflammatory acne involves red, swollen, and often painful lesions. Papules are small, raised bumps without pus. Pustules are similar to papules but have a visible white or yellow centre, indicating the presence of pus. Nodules are larger, deeper, and more painful lesions that develop beneath the skin's surface.
Cystic Acne: Severe and Deeply Embedded Acne
Cystic acne is the most severe form of acne. It is characterised by large, inflamed cysts filled with pus. Cystic acne lesions are deep, painful, and can result in scarring.